Parent, J, et al, “Family-based treatment for sleep problems in early adolescence: promise of nighttime parenting as a transdiagnostic treatment target”
Justin Parent, Juliana Acosta, & Dana McMakin
Buitron, V, et al, “Sleep disturbance, social functioning, and suicidal ideation among preadolescent children admitted to intensive psychiatric care”
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Kunicki, Z, et al, “Prevalence of Comorbid Depression and Insomnia Among Veterans Hospitalized for Heart Failure with Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders”
Zachary J. Kunicki, Ph.D., Rachel Frietchen, B.S., John E. McGeary, Ph.D., Lan Jiang, M.S., Matthew S. Duprey, Pharm.D., Ph.D., B.C.C.C.P., Thomas Bayer, M.D., Mriganka Singh, M.D., Jennifer M. Primack, Ph.D., Catherine M. Kelso, M.D., M.S., Wen-Chih Wu, M.D., M.P.H, James L. Rudolph, M.D., Melanie L. Bozzay, Ph.D
Abstract:
Objective: To examine prevalence of Alzheimer Disease and related dementias (ADRD) and patient characteristics as a function of comorbid insomnia and/or depression among heart failure (HF) patients discharged from hospitals.
Design: Retrospective cohort descriptive epidemiology study.
Setting: VA Hospitals. Participants: N = 373,897 Veterans hospitalized with heart failure from October 1, 2011 until September 30, 2020.
Measurements: We examined VA and Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) coding in the year prior to admission using published ICD-9/10 codes for dementia, insomnia, and depression. The primary outcome was the prevalence of ADRD and the secondary outcomes were 30-day and 365-day mortality.
Results: The cohort were predominantly older adults (mean age = 72 years, SD = 11), male (97%), and White (73%). Dementia prevalence in participants without insomnia or depression was 12%. In those with both insomnia and depression, dementia prevalence was 34%. For insomnia alone and depression alone, dementia prevalence was 21% and 24%, respectively. Mortality followed a similar pattern with highest 30-day and 365-day mortality higher in those with both insomnia
and depression.
Conclusions: These results suggest that persons with both insomnia and depression are at an increased risk of ADRD and mortality compared to persons with one or neither condition. Screening for both insomnia and depression, especially in patients with other ADRD risk factors, could lead to earlier identification of ADRD. Understanding comorbid conditions which may represent earlier signs of ADRD may be critical in the identification of ADRD risk. (Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:428−437)
McGeary, J, et al, “Associating broad and clinically defined polygenic scores for depression with depression‐ related phenotypes.”
John E. McGeary, Chelsie E. Benca-Bachman, Victoria A. Risner, Christopher G. Beevers, Bradnon E. Gibb, & Rohan H. C. Palmer
Abstract:
Twin studies indicate that 30–40% of the disease liability for depression can be attributed to genetic differences. Here, we assess the explanatory ability of polygenic scores (PGS) based on broad- (PGSBD) and clinical- (PGSMDD) depression summary statistics from the UK Biobank in an independent sample of adults (N = 210; 100% European Ancestry) who were extensively phenotyped for depression and related neurocognitive traits (e.g., rumination, emotion regulation, anhedonia, and resting frontal alpha asymmetry). The UK Biobank-derived PGSBD had small associations with MDD, depression severity, anhedonia, cognitive reappraisal, brooding, and suicidal ideation but only the association with suicidal ideation remained statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Similarly small associations were observed for the PGSMDD but none remained significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. These findings provide important initial guidance about the expected effect sizes between current UKB PGSs for depression and depression-related neurocognitive phenotypes.
Jackson, M, et al “Feasibility of a protocol involving psychophysiology and sleep recordings in a partial hospital program for youth with anxiety and OCD”
Jackson, M, Renschler, K, Maron, M, Markowitz, A, Barker, DH, Carskadon, MA, Benito, K, & Righi, G
Renschler, K, et al, “Sleep and fear extinction learning among youth receiving exposure therapy: Preliminary findings from a partial hospital program”
Renschler, K, Jackson, M, Maron, M, Markowitz, A, Barker, DH, Carskadon, MA, Benito, K & Righi, G
Markowitz, A, et al, “Comparing wrist actigraphy to a novel wearable (Actigpatch): Nonparametric activity estimation”
Markowitz, A, Barker, DH, Saletin, JM, Gredvig-Ardito, CA, McGeary, JE, Carskadon, MA
Wrist actigraphy is a standard measure for monitoring naturalistic sleep patterns; however, data quality is compromised if participants remove the device for daily activities (e.g., baths, exercise).
The Actigpatch is a novel, adhesive water-resistant wearable that we have previously demonstrated as comparable to wrist actigraphy for traditional sleep-wake estimation1.
Here we compare assessment of nonparametric activity indexes.
Dionisos, V, et al, “Effect of Wake Extension and Short Recovery Sleep on Objective Vigilance and Subjective Sleepiness in Young Adolescents”
Victoria O. Dionisos, BS; Taylor G. Christiansen, BA; Gina M. Mason, PhD; Daniel P. Dickstein, MD; Mary A. Carskadon, PhD; Jared M. Saletin, PhD
Adolescents often experience insufficient sleep, which influences next day performance in attention demanding tasks. Little is known regarding how wake extension and recovery sleep impact objective vigilance and subjective sleepiness in young adolescents.
We analyzed PVT performance and sleepiness scores on a baseline night and across an evening of wake extension followed by a short sleep opportunity.
Ziporyn, T, et al, “Adolescent sleep health and school start times: Setting the research agenda for California and beyond. A research summit summary”
Terra D. Ziporyn PhD, Judith A. Owens MD, MPH, Kyla L. Wahlstrom PhD, Amy R. Wolfson PhD, Wendy M. Troxel PhD, Jared M. Saletin PhD, Sonia L. Rubens PhD, Rafael Pelayo MD, FAASM, Phyllis A. Payne MPH, Lauren Hale PhD, Irena Keller PhD, Mary A. Carskadon PhD
Abstract:
In fall 2019, California passed and signed into law SB328, the first US statewide legislation explicitly designed to protect adolescent sleep health by requiring most California public school districts to start no earlier than 8:00 AM for middle schools and 8:30 AM for high schools. Recognizing the unique opportunity presented by the bill’s 3-year implementation period, a group of experts in adolescent sleep and school start times held a virtual summit on January 22-23, 2021 to (1) summarize the research on adolescent sleep and school start time change; (2) develop recommendations for relevant, refined, and innovative research areas and research questions; (3) provide input regarding research design, methodology, and implementation; and (4) offer a forum for networking, exchanging ideas, and establishing interdisciplinary research collaborations. Participants represented a multidisciplinary range of academic backgrounds including sleep and circadian biology, neuroscience, education, medicine, public health, mental health, safety, public policy, economics, implementation science, criminology, diversity studies, and science communication. This paper summarizes summit presentations regarding current knowledge on adolescent sleep health and school start times and key research recommendations from small group workshops on topics including research design and tools, methodological issues, sleep health disparities, logistical challenges in conducting school-based research, public-health impact, and novel and expanded approaches to research.
Nesi, J, et al, “Digital media-related precursors to psychiatric hospitalization among youth”
Jacqueline Nesi, Taylor A. Burke, Anna Caltabiano, Anthony Spirito, Jennifer C. Wolff
Abstract:
Digital media, including smartphones and social media, are central in youths’ lives. This study aimed to examine the role of digital media in psychiatric hospital admissions among adolescents. 343 psychiatrically-hospitalized youth (Mage = 15.2; 70.3% White, 13.7% Black, 33.9% Hispanic; 48.7% female) completed self-report measures of potential digital media-related reasons for hospitalization, patterns of digital media use, and clinical symptoms (internalizing, externalizing, suicidal ideation and attempts). Digital media-related reasons for hospitalization were common, with over 40% of the sample endorsing at least one such reason; 24.8% endorsed having their phone taken away as a reason for admission. Younger adolescents and youth with addictive patterns of phone use were more likely to endorse digital media-related reasons for hospitalization, including phone restriction and negative social media experiences. In addition, youth endorsing suicide-related social media engagement (e.g., posting or messaging about suicide) as a precursor to admission reported more severe suicidal ideation and greater likelihood of a recent suicide attempt. Limitations of the study include a reliance on self-report measures and cross-sectional design. Findings highlight the need to identify youth who may be especially vulnerable to digital media experiences that contribute to risk for psychiatric hospitalization.